📈 One Big Beautiful Act — Explained

One Big Beautiful Act: the 9 tax changes that actually affect your return — explained by a former IRS auditor who read the bill

The short answer: Congress passed the One Big Beautiful Act (formerly the One Big Beautiful Bill), making sweeping changes to the tax code. Nine of those changes will directly affect what you owe — from tax-free tips for service workers to a permanent 100% bonus depreciation for businesses to a $40,000 SALT deduction cap for California and New York residents. Here's what changed and what it means for you.

⚡ Effective for 2025 tax year — plan now, before April 2026

Watch: Romeo Razi, CPA explains the One Big Beautiful Act

9 tax changes explained by a former IRS auditor who actually read the bill. Watch on YouTube →

The 9 changes at a glance

1
TCJA Made Permanent
Higher standard deduction, fewer brackets, child tax credit, 20% QBI deduction for small business owners — all permanent.
2
SALT: $10K → $40K
State and local tax deduction raised from $10,000 to $40,000 for CA, NY, NJ, MD, VA residents.
3
Tax-Free Tips & Overtime
First $25,000 in tips tax-free (under $150K income). First $12,500 in overtime tax-free for hourly workers.
4
1099 Threshold $600 → $2,000
Contractors don't get a 1099 until they earn over $2,000. Payment apps (Venmo, PayPal) threshold: $20,000.
5
Car Loan Interest Deduction
Up to $10,000 in interest on a new personal car — for people earning under $100,000.
6
Senior Deduction $6,000
Extra $6,000 deduction for seniors earning under $75,000 — effectively eliminating Social Security tax for many.
7
100% Bonus Depreciation
Made permanent. Write off equipment, improvements, and software all at once in the first year.
8
R&D Expenses Fully Deductible
Restored full deductibility for R&D. Can amend prior returns to recover taxes paid under the old amortization rule.
9
QSBS: $10M → $15M
Qualified Small Business Stock exclusion raised to $15M (from $10M). Asset threshold raised to $75M (from $50M).

Change 1: TCJA made permanent — what the 20% QBI deduction means for you

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 created a temporary set of tax cuts that were always set to expire. The One Big Beautiful Act makes them permanent. The most impactful for small business owners is the 20% Qualified Business Income (QBI) deduction.

If you own an LLC, S-Corp, sole proprietorship, or run a side hustle, you may be able to deduct 20% of your qualified business income from your taxes. On $100,000 of business income, that's $20,000 off the top before you calculate your tax bill.

⚠ Important limitation: If you're in a "specified service trade or business" — that includes lawyers, doctors, financial advisors, accountants, and consultants — the QBI deduction phases out at higher income levels. Check with your CPA before assuming you qualify.

Change 2: SALT deduction raised from $10,000 to $40,000

If you live in a high-tax state — California, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia — this change is significant. Before the One Big Beautiful Act, you could only deduct up to $10,000 of state and local taxes (income tax + property tax combined) on your federal return.

That $10,000 cap was a major reason people moved from California and New York to Nevada and Texas after 2017. Now the cap is $40,000. If you pay $35,000 a year in California state income tax plus property taxes, you now get the full deduction. Previously, $25,000 of that was just gone.

ⓘ The SALT deduction is an itemized deduction. It only helps you if your total itemized deductions exceed your standard deduction. Homeowners in high-tax states with mortgages are most likely to benefit.

For a detailed breakdown, see our full page on the SALT deduction increase.

Change 3: Tax-free tips and tax-free overtime

This was one of the most-talked-about campaign promises and it made it into the bill. See our full guide at Tax-Free Tips and Overtime Explained for the full breakdown. The short version:

Change 4: 1099 threshold raised from $600 to $2,000

The old $600 threshold for issuing 1099s was widely considered one of the most burdensome rules for small businesses and freelancers. Pay a contractor more than $600 and you had to collect their Social Security number and file a form. Now that threshold is $2,000 — significantly reducing the administrative burden for small businesses.

Payment apps (Venmo, Cash App, PayPal): the threshold for receiving a 1099-K from these platforms is $20,000. Unless you're running a significant business through these apps, you likely won't receive a form.

Changes 7 & 8: The business owner double win — bonus depreciation + R&D

Two of the most impactful changes for business owners and startups are permanent 100% bonus depreciation and the restoration of full R&D deductibility.

See our dedicated pages for full details: 100% Bonus Depreciation Explained and R&D Expense Deduction Restored.

Change 9: QSBS exclusion — the startup founder tax break just got bigger

The Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) exclusion lets startup founders, early employees, and angel investors exclude a portion of their stock gains from federal tax entirely when they sell. See our full breakdown at QSBS Exclusion Changes Explained.

Frequently asked questions about the One Big Beautiful Act

When do these changes take effect?
Most provisions are effective for the 2025 tax year and beyond — meaning you'll see the benefit when you file in early 2026. Some provisions (like QSBS changes) may have specific effective dates tied to when the act was signed. Check with your CPA for your specific situation.
Does the One Big Beautiful Act eliminate Social Security taxes on tips?
No. The tip income exclusion is an income tax exclusion only. Payroll taxes — Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%) — still apply to tip income regardless of the exclusion. This is a common misconception worth clarifying early.
I'm a business owner. What's the single most impactful change?
For most small business owners, the permanent 20% QBI deduction (if you qualify) and permanent 100% bonus depreciation are the biggest dollar-value wins. If you have significant R&D spending from prior years, amending to recover those taxes could be substantial as well.
Romeo Razi, CPA
Former IRS Tax Examiner · CPA · Featured in MarketWatch, U.S. News & World Report
Romeo spent years inside the IRS as an auditor before founding Taxed Right LLC. He now helps taxpayers and business owners use the same insider knowledge to pay the least legally possible. Watch his IRS insider interview →

Have questions about how the One Big Beautiful Act affects your taxes?

Romeo has read the bill. He knows which provisions apply to your situation and which don't — and he'll tell you the truth about what the limitations are, not just the highlights.

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