🛠 100% Bonus Depreciation — Made Permanent

100% bonus depreciation is now permanent: what business owners can write off immediately and what still has to be depreciated over time

The short answer: Starting with the One Big Beautiful Act, 100% bonus depreciation is permanent. When you buy qualifying business assets — equipment, machinery, software, certain improvements — you can write off the full cost in the year you place it in service, rather than spreading the deduction over 5, 7, or 15 years. This is one of the most valuable provisions for capital-intensive businesses.

⚡ Permanent for tax years 2025 and beyond — plan major equipment purchases around this

Watch: Romeo Razi, CPA explains the One Big Beautiful Act

9 tax changes explained by a former IRS auditor who actually read the bill. Watch on YouTube →

What bonus depreciation is and why it matters

When you buy business equipment, the IRS normally says you can't deduct the full cost immediately — you have to deduct it over the useful life of the asset, which might be 5 years for computers, 7 years for equipment, or 15 years for land improvements. This is depreciation — spreading the deduction over multiple years.

Bonus depreciation lets you accelerate that deduction and take it all in year one. For a $100,000 piece of equipment, bonus depreciation means a $100,000 deduction this year instead of roughly $14,000–$20,000 per year for 5–7 years. That's a massive cash flow difference, especially for businesses that are growing and investing in equipment.

Romeo Razi, CPA — Explaining the One Big Beautiful Act

"Before the 2008 financial collapse, you couldn't write off equipment all at once — you had to depreciate it over many years. Then they gave us 100% bonus depreciation to stimulate the economy. But then they got nervous and started phasing it back down — 80%, then 60%, then 40%. Congress kept patching it back up. Now the One Big Beautiful Act makes 100% bonus depreciation permanent. If you buy equipment, improvements, or software, you can write it all off using bonus depreciation."

What qualifies for 100% bonus depreciation

What does not qualify

⚠ The asset must be in service by December 31 of the tax year. Ordering equipment that hasn't arrived or been set up by year-end doesn't qualify. A machine still in a box in your warehouse on December 31 doesn't count. This distinction matters enormously for year-end planning.

Bonus depreciation vs. Section 179 — key differences

Both bonus depreciation and Section 179 let you deduct the full cost of qualifying assets immediately. They're often used together. Key differences:

179
Section 179
Limited to business income — can't create a loss. Has a dollar limit ($1.22M for 2024, adjusts annually). Can be applied selectively to specific assets.
100%
Bonus Depreciation
Can create a net loss, which can be carried back or forward. No dollar limit. Applies to all qualifying assets — can't be applied selectively to some and not others.

ⓘ Year-end tax planning tip from Romeo's newsletter: If you're going to buy equipment anyway, buy it before December 31 and make sure it's in service. The deduction difference between buying December 30 and January 2 is the full cost of the asset — essentially paying this year's taxes to the government for something you could have deducted immediately.

Frequently asked questions about bonus depreciation

Can I use bonus depreciation on a vehicle?
Yes, but with significant limits for passenger vehicles. The IRS caps first-year bonus depreciation on luxury passenger automobiles (most cars and light trucks) at around $12,200–$20,400 depending on the year and vehicle type. Heavy SUVs and trucks over 6,000 lbs GVWR have higher limits. Work vehicles used exclusively for business (cargo vans, commercial trucks) have fewer limitations.
What if I take 100% bonus depreciation and then sell the asset later?
When you sell an asset that was fully depreciated through bonus depreciation, the entire sale proceeds are subject to depreciation recapture (taxed as ordinary income, not capital gains) up to the amount of depreciation previously taken. Planning for recapture is an important consideration, especially for assets that are likely to be sold within a few years.
My state doesn't conform to federal bonus depreciation. What does that mean?
Many states, including California, do not conform to federal bonus depreciation rules. You may get the full 100% deduction on your federal return, but on your California state return, you'd still have to depreciate the asset over its useful life. This creates a temporary difference that requires an addback on your state return and subsequent state deductions in future years. An important complexity for California business owners specifically.
Romeo Razi, CPA
Former IRS Tax Examiner · CPA · Featured in MarketWatch, U.S. News & World Report
Romeo spent years inside the IRS as an auditor before founding Taxed Right LLC. He now helps taxpayers and business owners use the same insider knowledge to pay the least legally possible. Watch his IRS insider interview →

Planning a major equipment purchase? Talk to a former IRS auditor first.

Romeo helps business owners time purchases to maximize depreciation deductions — and explains the vehicle limits, state non-conformity issues, and recapture rules that can trip people up.

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